Thanks for your quick reply and the information you provided. Sadly, I still do not receive an IP via my DHCP box (router) :/
I checked the web-frontend of the router and it does not show any new leases for the Galileo. Interestingly, if I put a full Yocto image with DHCP enabled in it onto the same SD-Card with the very same Galileo the Yocto booted Galileo receives an IP in my setup... (?!?!). Something seems to be different or mabye the boot process hangs. As i do not have a serial (audio jack) to USB cable, I do not have any option to see the output of the boot process.
Any ideas or suggestions?